AI & Machine Learning Glossary

A

Artificial Intelligence (AI)
The simulation of human intelligence processes by computer systems, including learning, reasoning, and self-correction.
Algorithm
A set of rules or instructions given to an AI system to help it learn and make decisions.

D

Deep Learning
A subset of machine learning using neural networks with many layers to progressively extract higher-level features from raw input.
Diffusion Model
A type of generative model that creates images by gradually denoising random noise.

G

GPT (Generative Pre-trained Transformer)
A family of large language models developed by OpenAI that generate human-like text.
GAN (Generative Adversarial Network)
A ML framework where two neural networks contest to generate new, synthetic data.

L

LLM (Large Language Model)
AI models trained on massive text datasets to understand and generate human language. Examples: GPT-4, Claude, LLaMA.

M

Machine Learning
A subset of AI where systems learn from data to improve performance without explicit programming.

N

Neural Network
A computing system inspired by biological neural networks, consisting of interconnected nodes that process information.
NLP (Natural Language Processing)
The branch of AI focused on enabling computers to understand, interpret, and generate human language.

P

Prompt Engineering
The practice of designing inputs to get desired outputs from AI models.

R

RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation)
An AI approach combining retrieval of relevant documents with text generation.
Reinforcement Learning
A ML technique where agents learn by interacting with an environment and receiving rewards.

T

Transformer
A neural network architecture using attention mechanisms, forming the basis of models like GPT and BERT.
Training Data
The dataset used to teach a machine learning model to make predictions.